The Different Types of Moles You Should Know About

Moles are a common part of human skin, often appearing as small clusters of pigmented cells. They can be found anywhere on the body, ranging in size, shape, and colour. While most moles are harmless, their variations and potential changes can sometimes signal underlying health issues. Understanding the types of moles and their characteristics is a crucial step in maintaining healthy skin and catching early signs of problems, including skin cancer.

Types of Moles

Moles come in various forms, each with its own unique features and implications for health. They’re made up of clusters of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing skin pigment, and their appearance is usually caused by genetic factors, sun exposure, and hormonal changes. Mole causes are usually nothing to worry about, but it’s good to stay informed. Here are the main types you should know about:

Common Moles (Benign)

These are the most familiar types of moles, often appearing as small, round or oval spots with a uniform colour. They are usually brown, tan, or black and tend to be no larger than 6mm in diameter. Common moles are typically harmless and rarely pose a risk to your health. These are also the most common types of moles on the face.

Atypical Moles (Dysplastic Nevi)

Atypical moles are larger and more irregular in shape than common moles. They may have uneven borders and show a mix of colours, including shades of brown, black, red, or even pink. While not all atypical moles are dangerous, they can raise the risk of developing melanoma, a serious form of skin cancer. Regular monitoring and medical check-ups are advised for these types of moles in case mole removal is necessary.

Congenital Moles

These are moles present at birth and can vary significantly in size, from small spots to large patches covering significant portions of the skin. Larger congenital moles, especially those over 20cm in diameter, carry a higher risk of developing melanoma later in life. For this reason, they should be examined regularly by a dermatologist.

Spitz Nevi

Spitz nevi are dome-shaped, often pink, red, or light brown moles. They can sometimes be mistaken for melanoma due to their unusual appearance, but they are generally benign. However, because they resemble more serious conditions, it’s wise to have them checked by a professional.

Halo Moles

Halo moles are distinctive for the depigmented ring or “halo” surrounding them. This occurs due to an autoimmune reaction where the body’s immune system attacks the pigmented cells. Halo moles are typically benign, but their presence can sometimes indicate other autoimmune conditions.

Blue Moles

As their name suggests, these moles have a striking blue or blue-black colour due to the way pigment is deposited deep within the skin. While blue moles are usually harmless, their unusual colour makes it important to monitor them for any changes that could signal a problem.

Seborrheic Keratoses

Although not true moles, seborrheic keratoses are often mistaken for them. These non-cancerous growths have a waxy or wart-like appearance and can vary in colour from tan to black. They are generally harmless but can sometimes look alarming. Consulting a dermatologist can help with a proper diagnosis.

Signs of Concern (ABCDE Rule)

While many moles are harmless, changes in their appearance or the development of new symptoms could signal a more serious issue. The ABCDE rule is a useful guide to identifying warning signs that might indicate skin cancer:

• A: Asymmetry – If one half of the mole doesn’t match the other, it could be a cause for concern.
• B: Border Irregularity – Uneven, jagged, or scalloped edges may be a sign of trouble.
• C: Colour Variations – Healthy moles typically have one uniform colour. Multiple shades or drastic changes in colour should be examined.
• D: Diameter – Moles larger than 6mm, about the size of a pencil eraser, should be assessed by a dermatologist.
• E: Evolving – Any changes in size, shape, colour, or symptoms like itching or bleeding should be promptly checked.

When to See a Dermatologist

There are specific situations where consulting a dermatologist is particularly important:

• Changes in Size, Colour, or Texture: Rapid or noticeable changes in a mole’s appearance should never be ignored.
• New Moles in Adulthood: While it’s normal for moles to appear during childhood or adolescence, new moles developing in adulthood warrant closer examination.
• Painful, Itchy, or Bleeding Moles: These symptoms could indicate a serious issue, including skin cancer, and should be evaluated immediately.

Prevention and Monitoring Tips

Taking proactive steps can help you maintain healthy skin and reduce the risk of complications from moles. Here are some useful prevention and monitoring tips:

Regular Self-Checks Using a Mirror

Conducting regular self-examinations can help you spot changes in your skin moles early. Use a mirror to check areas that are hard to see, such as your back and scalp.

Annual Dermatologist Visits

Scheduling yearly check-ups with a dermatologist is an effective way to catch any potential issues early. Professionals can examine your skin more thoroughly and may use specialised tools to assess your moles.

Sun Protection

Excessive sun exposure can increase the risk of developing problematic moles and skin cancer. Protect your skin by using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher, wearing protective clothing, and avoiding the sun during peak hours (typically 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.).

Take Charge of Your Skin Health with The Devonshire Clinic

Understanding the different types of moles is vital to maintaining your skin health and catching potential issues early. At The Devonshire Clinic, located in London’s renowned Harley Street, our team of expert dermatologists is committed to helping you stay proactive about your skin. Whether you’re seeking peace of mind about a mole, expert care for a skin condition, or cutting-edge treatments for skin health and rejuvenation, we provide tailored, patient-focused care. Don’t leave your skin health to chance—contact The Devonshire Clinic today and take the first step toward a confident, healthy future.